Celeste - I'm up in Maine and your growing season is probably about the same - mid October is pretty much the latest things grow for me before heavy frosts. I do leave parsnips and brussel sprouts until after the first heavy frost though because they taste better
The things I plant from seed are: Sugarsnap peas, lettuces, spinach, chard, herbs, green beans, carrots, beets, corn, broccoli, and cabbage.
The things I buy from the nursery nearby are: Cukes, summer squash, winter squash, pumpkins, watermelon, cantaloupe, tomatoes, peppers (these just take way to long from seed and the veggies are never ready in time for harvest before heavy frosts).
All year long I grow scallions and some herbs inside (parsley, basil, rosemary, and oregano).
ETA: I don't put plants in the ground up here until late May. You probably can go a bit earlier down there, but sometimes we get killing frosts up until the first of May, and then the ground needs to warm up a bit. I start turning the soil and adding compost mid April if the ground is dry enough (like this year). Some things love the cooler weather though and I'll start my peas, lettuces, spinach, and chard the first week of May if the ground is warm enough.